^B{^#!16!16 July^N! Feast day of St Mary Magdalen Postel, St Fulrad, St Athenogenes, St Helier, St Eustathius of Antioch, and St Reineldis.
^B{622^B} Traditionally, the beginning of the Islamic Era, when Mohammed began his flight (the Hejira) from Mecca to Medina. ^B{1661^B} Europe's first banknotes were issued, by the Bank of Stockholm. ^B{1782^B} Mozart's opera ^I{Die Entfⁿhhrung aus dem Serail^I} was first performed, in Vienna. ^B{1918^B} The last tsar of Russia, Nicholas II, along with his entire family, family doctor, servants, and even the pet dog, was murdered by Bolsheviks at Ekaterinburg. ^B{1945^B} The first atomic bomb developed by Robert Oppenheimer and his team at Los Alamos was exploded in New Mexico. ^B{1965^B} The Mont Blanc road tunnel, linking France with Italy, was opened. ^B{1990^B} An earthquake struck the main Philippine island of Luzon, killing over 1,500 people.
^B{^I{^#!14!Born ^N}Andrea del Sarto, Italian painter, ^B{1486^B}; Joshua Reynolds, English painter, ^B{1723^B}; Roald Amundsen, Norwegian polar explorer, ^B{1872^B}; Barbara Stanwyck, US film actress, ^B{1907^B}; Ginger Rogers, US film actress and dancer, ^B{1911^B}; Margaret Court, Australian tennis player, ^B{1942^B}.
^B{^I{^#!14!Died ^N}Pope Innocent III, ^B{1216^B}; Anne of Cleves, 4th wife of Henry VIII, ^B{1557^B}; Josiah Spode, English potter, ^B{1827^B}; Hilaire Belloc, British author, ^B{1953^B}; John Phillips Marquand, US writer, ^B{1960^B}; Herbert von Karajan, Austrian conductor, ^B{1989^B}.
